Railway rail and tie.



W. N. SEWELL.

RAILWAY RAIL AND TIE.

APPucATIoN FILED 11911.10. 1916..

Patented 0111.221918.

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W. N. SEWELL. l

-mmwmf RAIL AND TIE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.10. 1916.

Patented 00u22; A1918.

3 SHEETS-SHED 2.

W. N. SEWELL.

RAILWAY RAIL AND TIE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. so. 19m.

Patented Oct 22,1918

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 WILLIAM N. sEwELL, or WINCHESTER, KENTUCKY.

RAILWAY RAIL AND TIE.

Application filed April 10, 1916.

To all whom, it may concern.' A

Be it known that I, VILLIAM N. Sljlwnmn a citizen of the United Statesres1dmg at Vinchester, in the county of Clark and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Railway Rails and Ties; and l do hereby declare the following tofbe a full, clear, andy exactdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to metallic railways, and the object of the same is to produce a metallic railway consisting of compound rails, in combination with metal cross-ties carrying rail-clamps and retaining keys for the purpose of securing and retaining the component parts of the compound rail in assembled position and onthe cross tie without the use of fish plates, bolts or spikes. The compound rail is made up of a number of pieces and may be constructed' in a variety of types, some of which are illustrated in the drawings and described in detailbelow; but the underlying principle is the use of hardened metal for the upper part or tread of the rail so as to reduce the wear thereon. and cheaper but tough metal for the of this rail with its forward end iny section, Y

showing it as fastened to one type of my improved tie which is ,also in perspective; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through'the tie and through a rail of another type; and Fig. 3 is similar section showing a rail of still a third type.

Figs. e and 5 are perspective details respectively of the insulation pad and the shoe which underlies it, these parts being shown in section in their proper position in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a perspective View of one member of the two-parttie, and Fig. 7 a plan view showing the two members thereof interengaged, while Fig. 8 is a cross section on the lines 8'-S of Fig. 7

Figs. 9, 10, 1l and 12 are perspective details of various forms of fasteners used in Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented oct. 22d, 19318;'

Serial N0. 90,169.

connection with the cross tie and compound i rail;

Figs.-13,14 and l5 areperspective' views of the several members of a three-part tie,

,and Fig. 16 is a plan view showing these members interengaged, while Fig. 17 is a cross section on the line 17-17 of F ig.y 16.

Fig. 18 is a plan view showing how my tie may be employed for holding two rails which stand alongside each other and slightly out of parallelism.

The rail forming an important feature of the present invention is designed to be supported upon a metal tie made in two or more members S and T slidably mounted on each other and held relatively in working position by a key K, the members having openings O in which are mounted fasteners F Vto enga ge opposite sides of the rail to secure the members thereof in assembled positionV and to fasten the rail to'the'tie in a manner more fully explained below. Said fasteners may also take the shape shown at F or'F2 in or-r der to adapt them to the modified forms of rail, or the shoe or insulating pad or both with any type of rail; and, as described bef low, these fasteners alone are sufficient Vto' hold the parts of the rail together as well as holding the rail on the tie.-

.The type' of my improved rail shown in Fig. 1 comprises a core oftough metal and aV tread and casing of hardened metal. core includes an' upright web 1 having a base 2 across its lower edge, an enlarged bead 3 just above said base, and an enlarged head et along the upper ledge of the web 'provided in its'upper face with a V-shaped channel 5- all Vbeing in one piece Aof tough metal. f YThe other member of hardened metal is made vin two complementaryv parts. Eachvpart includes ajtread 6 having a. depending und-ercut lip' 71 beveled alongits lower face to fit one wall of the channel'5, a flange-8 lying alongside the web 1 and out-turned as at 9 to iii'.- closelyu over the bead 3, and a'base which may include a flange 10'overlying one side of the base 2 and a foot 10 along its outer edge resting on the tie. The parts of this rail are assembled as'shown, and when the fasteners F are brought against the outerl edges or' feet 10 of the two bases 10, all parts of the rail are 'pressed into close relation with each other and borne downward onto the upper face of the tie. The load thrown upon this rail by the pressure of wheels on The its tread causes the two lips 7 to bear downward against the walls of the V-shaped channel 5 and, if anything, to move inward toward each other. As shown in Fig. 1, the two parts of the tread-member may be laid so that their extremities meet each other on lines which break joint, and by this means a continuous rail is produced.

The type of my improved rail shown in Fig. 2 has a web 11 a base 12, beads 13 on the web somewhat above the base, a head 14 and a'V-shaped channel l-all made of tough metal. The other member is here made in four parts-two tread parts which must be of hardened metal, and two other parts constituting the casing and which may be of either hard or soft metal, Each tread 16 has a lip 17 and a flange 18, the latter out-turned at its lower edge as at 19 and resting on the upper side of the bead 13. Each of the other parts has a base 20, a iiange 18 rising therefrom and outturned as at 19 to pass around the bead 13, and an inturned portion or hook 19 along its upper edge to engage the out-turned portion or hook 19. The fasteners F used with this type of rail should not only clamp the bases 2O on the base 12, but should also rise high enough to hold the hooks 19 `and 19 in engagement with each other as shown.

The type of my improved rail shown in Fig. 3 comprises a web 21 with a base 22, and a head 24 with a `J-shaped channel 25, and beneath said head the web has through it a hole The hard metal member is again in two parts, the treads 26 having lips 27 andflanges 28; but instead of using beads on the web and out-turned portions on the other member t0 engage them, I he're employ bolts 29 passing through the flanges 28 and the hole 23 in the interposed web. in this construction the web will therefore preferably be made somewhat heavier than in the types above described, because the core of the rail is not entirely incased.

Any type of my improved rail may be insulated from the tie by the use of the members shown in Figs. 4 and 5, and although I have shown these members as applied in Fig. 3 only, it will be understood that they could be used in Figs. 1 and 2 if the engaging faces or notches of the fasteners were appropriately formed. The insulating device includes a pad or preferably a pair of pads 30 turned up at their outer edges as at 31 to pass over the edges of the base, whether such base be that of the core or the base flanges or feet of the casing; and if two such pads are used they should nearly meet beneath the base as seen in Fig. 3. rlhey are by preference inclosed within metallic shoes 32, each of which is also upturned at its outer edge as at 33 to inclose the upturned edge of the pad and to protect the latter from the overhanging portion of the fas- Vith the use of this insulating device noV metal part of the rail touches any part of the tie or its fastener, and this is sometimes considered highly desirable in electric railway construction.

The type of my improved tie and fastener shown in the accompanying drawings is particularly adapted for use with a compound rail as above described, and avoids the necessity for fish plates, bolts, and spikes.

The tie is made in two complementary and ,j

like members, one of which is shown in perspective in Fig. 6. It may well be stamped from metal rolled or bent into the form illustrated, and two of these members are shown engaged with each other in Fig. 7. Each comprises a flat bottom plate 40, bent up at about right angles into a web 41, and then bent again inward at about right angles into a top 42. The inner edge of this top is cut at about its center with an opening 43 and near each end with a bayonet opening 44, thereby dividing the inner edge of the top into four parts whereof those nurnbered 45 are bent up slightly and those numbered 46 are bent down slightly so that when the two members are engaged these parts pass each other as seen in Fig. 8. Each part 46, just behind the wider end or heel7 of the bayonet opening, is provided with a socket 47, shown in Fig. 6 as a slot extending longitudinally of the top 42; and the spur 48 at the other or toe end of the opening 44 projects toward this socket, the parts being of such width that (as seen in Fig, 1) the spur is adapted to pass freely behind the fastener in the socket in the coinpanion member, and said fastener is narrower than the toe end of the opening 44. Near each end of the top 42 is an inclined slot 49, and adjacent one or both of these slots may be additional and like slots 49 for a purpose yet to appear.

lfhe two members of this tie are assembled as seen in Figs. 1, 7 and 8 beneath a compound rail as indicated in dotted lines at R, and in each socket 47 is placed a fastener F of suitable shape. Referring to 50, Fig. 9, this fastener has at its inner end a jaw 51 at the top, a spur 52 at the bottom, and a notch 53 between them, while its rear end has a lug 54 at the top with a notch 55 beneath it. The spur is passed down through the toe of the bayonet opening 44 and into lll() Rasage@ the socket 47, and the lug overlies thetop plate 42 at the outer end of the socket while the jaw 51 overlies the base of the rail and the notch 53 engages the edge of said base, as in Fig. 1. The slots 49-of the two members are placed in registry with each other and keys K are inserted in them asbest seen in Fig. 1, vtheir lower ends being brought out through side o enings K', Figs. 1 and 2, and bent to hol them in place. If a rail lof wider base is to be used and it is desired that the two sockets 47 should stand a little farther from each other, the additional slot 49 onone member maybe brought into register with the slot 49 on the other for the reception of vthe key; although of course the same result would be obtained by using a shorter fastener.

When now the tie-sections are separatedr slightly by placing material betweenV their upright webs and camping it in place, the inclination of said slots causes them to move along the keys obliquely with reference to each other and in such direction that the two fasteners are forced toward each other and their jaws forced against the edges of the base of the rail; andthe greater the pressure on the rail and tie, tending to separate the members of the latter, the more tightly these fasteners will grasp the rail. A special form of fastener is shown in Fig. V10 at 56. This has jaws at both ends, and its spurs 57y project laterally, and it is useful for interposition between two adjacent rails as seen in Fig. 18. Vhen, for

instance, two rails approach a switch, the

members of the tie may be lengthened at one end and provided with additional sockets 47.- In this view both of such sockets Vare shown as containing fasteners'O, and the specialy fastener 56 stands between them.

Its position is indicated in dotted'lines in Fig. 7. When the tie-members are put 'together it will be obvious that the heel ends of the two bayonet openings will register as shown at 58 in this view and a fastener ers 50 against the two rails R in Fig.'18,

will reduce the sizeof the opening 58 and engage the spurs under the top plates 42, and the two jaws at the upper end of the special fastener 56 will engage the contig uous anges at the base of the two rails.

The type of my improved tie and fastener shown in Figs. 11 to 17 is made-of three members, one of which may be long enough to reach beneath both rails while each of the other two is long enough'to reach beneath one rail and carry two fasteners and a key. This modification of the tie in combination with `the: compound rail also avoids the necessity for fish plates, bolts, and spikes; and,

use of Figs. 13, 14 and 15 to show'different forms that'are possible. Here again each member comprises a flat bottom plate 60, an

upright web-6l,` and a top plate 62. and the meeting` edges of the top plates of two members are bent up and down at points so as to interengage as above described. Referring 'first to Vtheconstruction'shown Vat the left of Figs.-13 and 16 and in Fig. 14, the members have openingsk 63 to engage each other loosely and inclined slots 69 which register vfor the Vthe reception ofV a key when the members are vspread apart.` Said members also have bayonet yopenings 64 whose spurs 68 are Vcutoff oblique at their inner ends as seen at 65. I have used these views to show how one fastener 66-might`f'be formed inte-- gral with lthe top plate 62 and bent up opposite the heel end of? its bayonet opening 64. The Vother top plate is provided with a longi` tudinal socket adjacent theheel end of its bayonet opening, as shown at 67 in Fig. 14. This socket is to receive the fastener AY70 shown in Fig. 12, such fastener having a jaw 71 and longitudinal spurs 72 and 73. The parts are shown assembled at the left end of Fig. 16, butthey have not yet been spread apart and therefore thev fasteners do not yet engage the base of the rail which latter is indicated byv the dotted lines R. I have also made use of these views to show stops 74 which may be bent up from the top plate behind the toe'end of each bayonet opening. These stops approach the base-of the rail as the fasteningsrecede yfrom it, and they therefore prevent displacement of the" rail when the fastenings are not engaged with its flanges, vand also they prevent'the rail from sticking under the jaws ofthe fastenings when it is to be lifted out of place. yThese stops mayV be used in other types or forms of my invention. Alsowhile I have shown but one fastening bentup at 66, both might be so formed; and while I have shown only one member providedV with a socket 67 for a separate fastening'70, both members might be so formed-much as is the construction of the tie shown in Figs. 6 and 7. With the parts assembled as seen at the left of Fig. 16, when the members are spread apart until the slots 69 register for the reception of the key, the oblique ends 65 rof the spurs lslip past the outer ends of the fastenings so Athat the latter are simultaneouslymoved inward and into engagement with the anges of the rail base; and finally the insertion of the key in the registering slots 69 locks the parts in'this position.

A slightly different form of thismodification'of the tie and-fastener is shown at the right ends of Figs. 13 and 16 and in' Fig. 15. Here the two openings83 interengage, as do the two openings 84, and the openings 89 which eventually receive the key. Both members have sockets which may be in cross form as shown at 85 or of T-shape as shown at 86, and when the members are engaged these sockets overlap each other and their lateral openings admit cross spurs T7 on fasteners 76 as shown in Fig. 1l, after which the endwise movement of the members engages these spurs beneath their top plates. The members must now be moved longitudinally upon each other to force and hold the jaws of the fasteners over the flanges of the rail base or against opposite sides of the compound rail, and this is done b v driving a tapering or wedgeshaped key K2 down into the openings 89, which now register as seen in Fig. 16. Obviously this key could be made wider or narrower to accommodate a rail having a wider or narrower base, or to permit the use of the insulating device above described; and also the key for the slots 69 could be made of different thickness for the same purpose.

The fundamental principle underlying the action of all types and styles of my improved tie is that after the interengagement of the two members, they are moved upon each other slightly to cause the jaws of the fasteners to engage opposite sides of -the rail. At the right end of Fig. i6 this movement results from sliding the members longitudinally of each other. This is done by driving in the key K2, which may be then held by bending out its loweriend as indicated at 7a2. The fasteners-or at least one of them at each point of fastening-'may be integral with the tie, but I prefer vtovmake them separate therefrom so as to ada-pt the device to compound rails with bases of different width. In all cases, however, the fasteners stand in a plane or planes strictly parallel with the length of the tie, and their movement into locking position is on lines straight toward the rail. In the modification shown in Fig. 16, one of the short members can be inserted beneath and removed from one rail without interfering with the other short member or the long member, and at times this may be very important as when the other end of the long member passes under a frog or is perhaps extended clear across beneath a third rail and it is not desired to disturb it.

"What I claim is: l. In a metallic railway, the combination of a compound rail comprising a web hav` ing a base, a tread divided in two parts on an upright line above and coacting with the top of the web, and a sectional tie having means for fastening said parts against-opposite sides of the web.

2. In a metallic railway, the combination of a compound rail comprising a web having a base, a tread divided in two parts on an upright line above and coacting with the top of the web, llanges depending from said parts alongside the web, a sectional tie, and fastening means thereon for holding the tread parts in contact with the baise.

3. In a metallic railway, the combination ofa compound rail 'comprising a web having a base, a tread divided in two parts on an upright line above said web and each part t having a lip with the lower face coacting with the top of the web, lianges depending from said parts alongside the web, aA tie comprising complementary sections, and fasteners for holding all the rail parts in place without extraneous fastening.

t. In a metallic railway, the combination of acompound rail comprising a web having its lower edge enlarged into a base and its upper edge enlarged into a head, a tread in two parts, each shaped to include one half of said head'and a lip with a lower face to rest on said head, and a iiange depending alongside the web, a tieV upon which saidy base is disposed, and means engaging the tie for fastening said parts against the web and preventing them from rising.

5. In a metallic railway, the combination of a compound rail, comprising a core membei1 including a base, a web having laterally projecting beads, and a head along the upper edge of the web provided with a channel; a second member made in two halves and constituting a tread and casing, the treadof each half having a lip engaging said chanioo nel, and the casing of each half out-turnedto engage one bead and having a base engaging the base of the core member, a sectional tie on which said base rests, means interlocking with the tie for .holding all parts of the rail,

and means for actuatingand locking the tie i' sectionsv together.

6. In a metallic railway, a compound rail, a core member of tough metal including a base and a web having laterally projecting beads and a V-shaped channel in its upper" edge; a second member made of hard metal and in two halves, each including an undercut lip to engage one wall of the channel, a

Vflange vout-turned to engage one of said iio beads, and a part overlying one side of the base of the core member and having a foot along its outer edge; a metallic sectional tie, keys for locking the sections, and means carried by the sections of the ties for holding all parts of the rail together thereat.

7. In a metallic railway, a railway tie made up of members having feet, webs, and top -plates adapted to overlap each other, one of said plates having a socket and the other a larger opening adapted to register therewith when said members are in one relative position, a. rail on said tie, and a rail fastener for insertion through the socket and opening and having a spur at its lower izo Liso

end whereby it is held in place when. said members are in another relative position, and keys for locking the members in rail securing position.

8. In a metallic railway, a railway tie made up of complementary members having openings in their meeting edges and the parts between said openings bent upward and downward whereby the members are adapted to interengage, one member having a socket and the other a larger opening adapted to register therewith when said members are in one relative position, a rail on said tie, a rail fastener for insertion through the socket and opening and having a spur at its lower end whereby it is held in place when said members are in another relative position, and means for securing the rail members in position and causing them to move endwise with the fastener.

9. In a metallic railway, a railway tie made in complementary metal members having bayonet openings and other openings in their meeting edges whereby they are adapted to be overlapped, each member having a socket at the heel end of its bayonet opening adapted to register with the toe end of the bayonet opening in the other member when said members stand in one relative position, fasteners for insertion in said sockets to be held therein when the members are moved to another relative position, a rail engageable by said fasteners, and means causing the members to move the fasteners to engage the rail and for holding them in such position.

l0. In a metallic railway, a railway tie made in complementary metal members having bayonet openings and other openings in their meeting edges whereby they are adapted to be overlapped, each member having a socket at the heel end of its bayonet opening adapted to register' with the toe end of the bayonet opening in the other member when said members stand in one relative position, a rail, rail fasteners for insertion in said sockets to be held therein when the members are moved to another relative position, the members being provided with openings adapted to register when they are moved to said second position, and a key for insertion in these openings and adapted to lock the sections against movement.

11. In a metallic railway, a railway tie made in complementary metal members having bayonet openings .and other openings in their meeting edges whereby they are adapted to be overlapped, each member having a socket at the heel end of its bayonet opening adapted to register with the toe end of the bayonet opening in the other member when said members stand in one relative position, a rail, rail fasteners 'forvinsertion in said sockets to be held therein when the members are moved to another relative position, the members being provided with v openings adapted to register when they are moved to said second position, and a key for insertion in these openings and adapted to lock the sections against movement, the key adapted to clench upon an adjacent part of the tie to hold itself in position.

1:2.1In a metallic railway, a railway tie made in complementary metal members having bayonet openings and other openings in their meeting edges whereby they are adapted to be overlapped, each member having a socket at the heel end of its bayonet opening adapted to register with the toe end of the bayonet opening in the other member when in these openings and adapted to lock the sections against movement, the key having a shank insertible into a keeper portion of the tie and adapted to be bent into clenching position.

In testimony whereof I aiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

IVILLIAM N. SEWELL.

Witnesses:

LINVILLE JACKSON, J. O. PIERSALL.

Copies o! this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner ot htents,

Washington, 2D. C. 

